Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic inflammatory cholestatic liver disease that is mediated by autoimmunity and is characterized by progressive intrahepatic small bile duct non-suppurative inflammation and the appearance of antimitochondrial autoantibodies. At present, the cause and mechanisms of PBC remain unknown, and there is no specific treatment for this disease. Research into the pathogenesis of PBC has therefore become an important target. One of the greatest difficulties in this research has been the establishment of an animal model that is similar to human PBC. This article briefly introduces several commonly used PBC mouse models, compares the advantages and disadvantages of each model, discusses the problems in the construction of PBC animal models, and provides a solid basis for the selection of a research model.