Objective To establish a quail model of gout by simulating a clinical high-protein and high-calciumdiet, and to provide a basis for studying gout pathogenesis and drug screening for its prevention and treatment. Methods Tirty-six 30-day-old healthy male quails were randomly and equally divided into three groups according to body weight andblood uric acid level, namely, the control group, model I group, and model II group. The control group was fed the basaldiet, and the model groups were fed a high-protein high-calcium diet (dietary crude protein content of 29. 5% and calciumcontent of 7. 8%). The control group and the model I group were provided with drinking water ad libitum, while the modelII group was given drinking water restricted to 4 h daily. The experiment lasted for 50 days. The serum and fecal uric acidlevels were measured, renal function was determined, and histopathological examination was performed. Results Thehigh-protein and high-calcium diet significantly increased serum uric acid levels, significantly reduced fecal uric acidlevels, and did not change the serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels. The high-protein and high-calcium diet combinedwith restricted drinking water aggravated the increase of blood uric acid level and renal urate deposition, causing goutchanges such as joint swelling and deformation. Conclusions A gout model can be established by feeding on a high-proteinand high-calcium diet and limiting the amount of drinking water. The pathogenesis of gout in this model is more consistentwith the etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of gout in clinics, providing a reference for the research on gout pathogenesis and drug development.