Objective Studies have suggested that human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) have multiple differentiation and proliferation functions, and can be induced to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells to repair the liver injury.Methods Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cell swere prepared by resuscitation of frozen cells. Sixty-six healthy female Wistar rats were divided randomly into normal control group (n=22) without any treatment,and rat models of chronic alcoholic liver injury(n=44) treated by gastric gavage of alcohol for consecutive 30 days. After modeling,22 of those 44 rats were randomly divided into model group (tail vein injection of 1 mL PBS), ad another 22 rats as hAMSCs group which received tail vein injection of 1 mL (2×10⁶) hAMSCs.Four weeks after the transplantation, the rat serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), albumin (ALB), total protein (TP)were detected by a full automatic biochemical analyzer, and the catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase(GSH PX), malondialdehyde (MDA) and IL-4 content in the liver tissue were detected,the distribution of PKH-26 labeled hAMSCs was observed by immunofluorescence microscopy, and TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptosis in liver cells.Results The rat blood biochemical test showed that compared with normal control group, the serum content of ALT, AST, Tp and TBIL in the model group was significantly higher,compared with those of the model group; the serum contents of ALT, AST, TBIL and Tp in the hAMSCs transplantation group were significantly decreased(P<0.05), compared with hose of the normal control group. The content of ALB in the model group was significantly decreased, and the content of ALB in hAMSCs transplantation group was significantly higher (P<0.05)compared with those of the model group. The contents of SOD GSH- PX and CAT in the liver tissues were significantly increased in the hAMSCs transplantation group. The contents of MDA and IL-4 were decreased significantly, compared with those of the normal control group. The contents of SOD GSH- PX, CAT in the liver tissues were decreased in the hAMSCs transplantation group, and the content of MDA and IL-4 in the liver tissues were significantly increased(P<0.05). PKH-26-labeled positive hAMSCs cells were observed to be distributed in the liver tissue of the hAMSCs transplantation group but not in the liver tissue of other groups (P<0.05).TUNEL assay detected apoptotic cells in the liver of all model groups, with the highest number in the model group (34.27±571) and less in the hAMSCs transplantation group (18.42±3.95), but not found in the normal control group.Conclusions Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can improve the blood biochemical indexes of rats with cirrhosis, and hAMSCs can reduce the apoptosis in liver cells in rats with chronic alcoholic liver injury.