Objective Establish a Long-term Survival Rat Model of Sepsis for recovery naturally, and the idea of researching about sepsis survivors may point out new research ideas and methods for sepsis. Methods 40 SD rats were divided into the sham group (8) and the CLP group (32), with all surgical operations under the small animal anesthesia machine and sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia. PVC tubes were inserted into the right carotid artery and jugular vein, respectively. After a postoperative recovery of 24 hours, the rats in the CLP group received the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), which caused sepsis. The rats were then transferred to the single cages in the recovery room (with the temperature kept between 22~25℃). After the surgery, we commenced fluid resuscitation, consisting of a solution 6% hetastarch and 5% Glucose in the ratio of 1:1. The amount was 20 mL/kg/12h on the first and second days after the surgery. Then it was halved until the rats started eating. These rats were observed about performance, weight and concentration of IL-10 until 30 days after the surgery, when they were anatomized and the change of their organs was watched. Results (1) The survival rate was 75% at 24 h, 62.5% at 72 h, 50% on 7 d after CLP in the CLP group. (2) Based on the severity of sepsis evaluation system, 32 rats at 24 h after CLP reached moderate to severe sepsis. (3) The body weight were decreased in both survival group and the sham group after CLP. The body weight of rats in survival group fell from the fourth day of survival was significantly (P=0.017), and to a minimum after the first six days, compared with the original weight loss (8.51±2.23)%. The body weight of rats in sham group fell to a minimum after the first four days, by which the lowest body weight loss (2.73±1.82)% than the original weight. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (P=0.026). After 30 days, the maximum weight increase rates[sham group (16.16±2.39)% vs survival group (13.03±3.74)%] were not different significantly (P=0.29). (4) Compared the preoperative (0 d) with postoperative 1d, all the plasma concentration of IL-10 in three groups was increased, which in survival group (P=0.000) and in dead group increased significantly (P=0.010). (5) Shown by abdominal anatomy, a large set of foetor and bloody ascites, black bowel, with no encapsulated abscess and adhesion in dead group; Abdominal adhesions, omental with losing shape and gloss and tending to ligation intestine, but no encapsulated abscess in survival group; no abnormal anatomy in sham group. The weight of spleen in total body weight ration was (2.64±0.37) ‰ in survival group and (1.63±0.20) ‰ in sham group. The difference between two group was statistically significant (P=0.032). Conclusions This experiment provided reliable measures of the CLP and methods of screening model, for the establishment of CLP in severe sepsis model of long-term survivors, which is basically in accordance with the occurrence and development of sepsis clinically.