Objective To establish a rat model at the same time in accordance with the "hot sheng syndrome" of traditional Chinese medicine and primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura of peripheral blood platelet reduction. Methods Using back multi-point injection of 20% dry yeast suspension on SD rats and 1:4 dilution of rabbit anti SD rats platelet serum (APS) by intraperitoneal injection to establish a primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura "heat sheng" rat model. And observing rats of TCM syndrome characteristics, hemogram, myelogram and serotonin (5-HT) level of the temperature regulating center in thalamus. Results After injection of 2 h ～ 6 h temperature and daily water of the model group rats increased significantly, toe purper showed in fourth day of modeling and intestinal mucosal bleeding in thirty day of modeling(P < 0.05);Platelet count in peripheral blood decreased significantly, bone marrow megakaryocyte number reduced significantly((P < 0.05);5-HT level of the temperature regulating center of brain increased significantly((P < 0.05). Conclusions The study of the primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura heat sheng rat model of combination of disease and syndrome reflected basically the pathological characteristics of purpura caused by "heat sheng" in primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura rat mode.