It is very important to establish and execute the all-sided experimental animal quality monitoring in order to guarantee human health, animal health and welfare as well as the authenticity, validity, and repeatability of the experimental research results. Setting corresponding sentinel animals in the experiment can effectively monitor the quality of experimental animals. This article gives a general review of the selection of sentinel rats in the microbiological quality monitoring of the experiment animals, contact form and time between the sentinel rats and the rats being monitored, the placement of sentinel rats, and the number of rat cages being monitored by each cage of sentinel rats, as well as the test quantity, test frequency and the project.