Rhesus Cytomegalovirus(RhCMV) is an endemic herpesvirus of rhesus macaques.It is closely related to human cmv(HCMV) in many characters,and many same clinical symptoms were observed in infected rhesus monkeys.So,it provides an excellent model for HCMV research.In this article,the authors review the RhCMV in terms of pathogenesis,immunity inhibit,embryo abnormality and detection methods.These contribute to develop new therapy measurement for the human diseases and provide a good evaluating platform for accelerating clinical progress,at the same time,it is very critical to species' protection.