Intrauterine infection can be caused by a variety of pathogens invading into the uterine cavity during pregnancy and can cause abnormal pregnancy, neonatal diseases and other adverse outcomes for mothers and infants. However, its pathogenesis is not yet clear, the effects of treatments are poor, and the prognosis is not good. Therefore, establishment of a stable and reliable animal model of intrauterine infection will facilitate further research into its pathogenesis, mechanisms of drug action, and prevention, which is of great significance for reducing adverse outcomes of mothers and infants and to improve the prognosis. At present, the animal models of intrauterine infection established in China and elsewhere mainly include Escherichia coli or lipopolysaccharide-induced intrauterine infection, Ureaplasma urealyticum intrauterine infection, Candida intrauterine infection, and cytomegalovirus intrauterine infection. This article mainly reviews the selection of experimental animals, the experimental design of different modeling method and their advantages and disadvantages.