Objective To compared two different methods, the mechanical allodynia test and cold hyperalgesia test in a rat model of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. Methods Oxaliplatin frequently causes severe acute and chronic peripheral neuropathies. In this experimental study, 40 healthy female Wistar rats (body weigh 210±10 g) were used. We used Von Frey filament test to determine the 50% paw withdrawal threshold and mechanical allodynia in rats, and also used acetone spray and cold plate to examine the pain behavior in rats. Results Compared with the control group, the rats of model group showed a 50% decrease of the paw withdrawal threshold (P<0.05), appearance of allodynia and hyperalgesia (P<0.05), and increase of the number of paw withdrawals caused by cold stimulation (P<0.05), but there were no obvious differences in the response to heat stimulation in rats of both groups. Those results were similar in general to the clinical manifestations in patients.Conclusions Both the two ways of mechanical allodynia test are good choices. von Frey filaments with bending forces of 4 g and 15 g are a better way to simulate the test of mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia in clinical patients, while the up-down method can objectively and quantitatively reflect the reduction of paw withdrawal threshold. The acetone spray test allows us to immediately record the reaction of rats after cold stimulation. Our findings may be useful for further studies of oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy.