Pneumonia involves the inflammation of terminal airways, alveoli and pulmonary interstitium, and can be caused by pathogenic microorganisms, immune damage, physical and chemical factors, allergies and other conditions. In recent years, many domestic and foreign scholars have used lipopolysaccharide to induce the incidence of pneumonia in animal models. However, there are many differences in these models, including the induction dose, modeling method , and selection of evaluation and detection indicators. Therefore, we sought to review the literature on animal models of lipopolysaccharide-induced pneumonia to provide a reference for the study of the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of pneumonia.