脊髓灰质炎疫苗脑内法猴体神经毒力试验病理学评价方法的探讨
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卫计委行业基金(201302006)


Pathological evaluation of intrathalamic neurovirulence test of poliomyelitis vaccine in monkeys
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    【摘要】 目的 探讨脊髓灰质炎疫苗脑内法猴体神经毒力试验病理评价方法。方法 采用恒河猴双侧丘脑内注射给药,观察21天后进行解剖,完整取出脑和脊髓,经修切后脱水包埋,切片经H.E.染色和没食子蓝染色后在光镜下观察,对神经组织病变进行评分,根据分值对病变严重程度进行判定。本研究涉及12批实验中的240动物。结果 本方法对左右大脑包括针迹在内的不同部位、中脑、小脑、脑桥、延髓、颈膨大、腰膨大进行取材,参照脊髓法神经毒力试验病理学评价的半切面评分方法,对双侧脑干、颈髓和腰髓的病变进行评价并计分,根据平均分值并结合具体病变情况分别判定此三个部位的病变程度。本研究中特异性的神经系统病变的发生率15%。各型疫苗病变发生率相似,轻微病变出现的比例最高。较严重的病变主要见于Ⅲ型疫苗。结论 在脑内法神经毒力试验中,用半切面评分方法对病变进行评分,较客观地反映了神经系统病变的情况,方法简便易行,实用性较强,利于判断标准的统一,可作为脊髓灰质炎疫苗脑内法神经毒力试验病理学评价方法的参考。

    Abstract:

    [Abstract]Objective To investigate the pathological evaluation method of intrathalamic neurovirulence test of poliomyelitis vaccine in monkeys. Methods Rhesus monkeys were injected poliomyelitis vaccines into bilateral thalamus, the animals were sacrificed after observation of 21 days, the brain and spine were collected, after sectioning, dehydration, embedding, H.E. staining and gallocyanin staining, the tissues were observed under light microscopy, the pathological changes were scored, the severity of the pathological changes were determined by the score. 240 animals in 12 lots of vaccine evaluation were included in this study. Results The sections were taken from bilateral cerebellum (needle tracts included), midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata, the cervical enlargement, the lumbar enlargement. The pathologic changes were evaluated referring to the hemisection scoring method of intraspinal neurovirulence test, lesions on both sides of the brain stem, cervical enlargement and lumbar enlargement were scored, and the severity of the lesions of these three regions were determined according to the average score. We found that the total incidence of specific neuronal pathological changes was 15%. The incidences caused by different types of vaccines were similar. Minimal lesions were the most common, and severe lesions were mainly seen in type Ⅲ vaccine tests. Conclusions In intrathalamic neurovirulence test, scoring the lesions of nervous system by hemisections can objectively reflect the pathological changes of the nervous system. This method is easy to apply and can facilitate the unification of diagnostic criteria. We recommend this method to be used in pathological evaluation in intrathalamic neurovirulence test of poliomyelitis vaccine.

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徐艳峰.脊髓灰质炎疫苗脑内法猴体神经毒力试验病理学评价方法的探讨[J].中国比较医学杂志,,().

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  • 收稿日期:2016-03-28
  • 最后修改日期:2016-04-14
  • 录用日期:2016-06-14
  • 在线发布日期: 2016-11-28
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