“One Health” is a health concept that aims to achieve common health for people, animals and the environment through the joint efforts of multiple disciplines at local, national and global levels. Its embryonic form first appeared in 18th century European comparative medicine. It has gradually matured in the 21st century after more than 100 years of development. Under the guidance of this concept, many countries and regions have adjusted the use of antibiotic- containing animal growth promoters and zoonotic disease prevention programs to varying degrees. This has achieved many positive result , showing that "One Health" has a positive impact on national health. In addition, because of the special nature of laboratory organisms, improper use may lead to biological accidents that could pose a huge threat to public health. Therefore, the elimination of safety hazards concerning laboratory organisms is an important part of achieving universal health. This article summarizes the development of " One Health " with respect to public health issues and safety management of laboratory organisms and discusses connotations of its application.