Laboratory animals play an increasingly important basic supporting role in research, development, and experiments in many industries and fields, such as life science and medicine. Their great contribution is often made via physical and mental suffering. It is thus extremely important to guarantee the welfare of laboratory animals based on the premise of ensuring reliable, scientific result of animal experiments. Considering the status of laboratory animal welfare in China, this paper points out the differences in this issue between China and developed countries, analyzes the reasons for the lag of laboratory animal welfare in China, proposes countermeasures and suggestions to overcome this, and clarifies the principles, features, main clauses, and key points of ethical review of China’s new national standards. This paper proposes that only by comprehensively and deeply understanding and standardizing the implementation of China’ s new technical standards for laboratory animal welfare and establishing a strict, scientific review and supervision system for laboratory animal welfare ethics can we promote the appropriate and rapid development of welfare of China’s laboratory animals.