Occupational diseases have become a great challenge to economic development, social harmony, andstability all over the world. According to statistics from the International Labor Organization, nearly 160 million peopleworldwide suffer from occupational diseases, which cost approximately US $ 1. 25 trillion, accounting for ~ 4% of globalGDP. In China, the number affected by occupational disease has exceeded those suffering from production safety accidents and traffic accidents. The increasing harm caused by occupational disease not only damages the health of workers, but also causes a serious economic burden to employers and the country. Developed countries have started to attach great importance to occupational health and established good management systems. However, occupational health in China lags a long way behind that in some other developing countries. Along with improvements in economic and social development in China, we are starting to become more aware of occupational health and safety requirements and to promote them by issuing many laws and regulations. The National Standards Committee and China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment also put forward requirements for occupational health management. However, how to establish an effective and enforceable occupational health system in an economic way is still difficult to determine at many experimental animal institutions. This paper shares the author’s extensive experiences in establishing occupational health systems in experimental animal institutions and provides some relevant suggestions and references.