Cerebral ischemia / reperfusion injury ( CIRI ) is a pathophysiological process affecting the prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS). Its mechanism is complex and remains unclear. Long noncoding RNA ( LncRNA) are a class of non-coding RNA ( ncRNA). Early studies of LncRNA focused on their relationship with tumor-related diseases, but recent studies have found that they are also closely related to the pathological process of CIRI. LncRNA participate in the damage and repair processes of CIRI by affecting oxidative stress, autophagy, and apoptosis of the nervous system, as well as the inflammatory response and other mechanisms.They can regulate the progression of CIRI in a positive or negative way, and they play an important role in the related signaling pathways. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which LncRNA regulate CIRI.