Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins ( hnRNPs) are RNA-binding proteins involved in many important life processes. Previous studies have found that hnRNPs have many biological functions in the regulation of chromatin remodeling, transcription, RNA transport, RNA splicing, RNA editing, and translation. Recently, increasing studies have found that hnRNPs have an important regulatory role in the occurrence and development of various tumors. This article reviews the role of hnRNPs in inflammatory responses, tumor immunity and tumor microenvironment, to provide a basis for follow-up studies on the regulatory network and functional analysis of hnRNPs.