Objective To establish an animal model of heart iron overload and investigate the relationship between iron deposition in the heart and liver. Methods Forty rabbits were randomly divided into the experimental group (n = 32) or control group ( n = 8). The experimental group was injected subcutaneously with 200 mg / kg of iron dextran every Monday. Two rabbits were randomly euthanized every Sunday. The heart and liver tissues were removed, rinsed with normal saline repeatedly, and placed in an oven at 65℃ to dry until the weight was unchanged. A flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to measure the iron concentration of hearts and livers ( CIC, LIC). Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Prussian blue staining were performed. Results With the increase of iron injection, pathological result showed that Prussian blue staining of iron particles increased in the experimental group, and that the CIC increased gradually (0. 20-2. 34 mg / g dry weight, median 1. 24 mg / g dry weight). CIC was moderately correlated with total injected iron (r = 0. 698, P < 0. 05,P< 0. 001), and CIC was moderately correlated with serum iron (r = 0. 415, P < 0. 05, P = 0. 022). CIC was highly correlated with LIC (r= 0. 712, P< 0. 05, P< 0. 001). Conclusions A rabbit model of cardiac iron overload was established by the subcutaneous injection of dextran iron at a dose of 200 mg / kg, and there was no correlation between heart and liver iron deposition.