【Abstract】 Objective Establish a rat model of doxorubicin induced nephrotic syndrome and observe its dynamic development.Methods Twenty six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into model group and control group,the model group received a single tail intravenous injection of doxorubicin 6.2mg/kg body weight,the control group were injected with isotonic saline.12-hour urines 10 weeks in a row were collected and checked once a week,blood biochemical index was checked when the rats were killed,the kidney was observed under light and electron microscopy.Results Urinary protein excretion in the model group significantly increased(P <0.01) at 7th day,peaking at 5th week;serum total protein and albumin were decreased, triglyceride, cholesterol and blood urea nitrogen were increased(all P <0.05),serum creatinine was not significantly changed(P =0.64).Renal pathological changes:at 5th week minimal change disease was developed,at 10th week focal segmental glomerulosclerosis can be seen.Conclusion A single tail intravenous injection of doxorubicin 6.2mg/kg,can establish a progressive model of nephritic syndrome in rats.